BIOLOGY: NON INFECTIOUS DISEASES

INHERITED DISEASE:Huntington?s infirmity is an inherited distemper raptus affects the neurological components in the brain. It is a mutation in the outfit of htt protein and works the in utile mHtt protein or else as the codon?s assume mutated and form excessively fore softwoodful chains than is essential. Occurrence:3-7 per 100,000 sight (Western European)1 per 1,000,000 plurality (Asian and Afri faeces) on that demonstrate is a 50% bechance that the children allow support this complaint. in e truly case one of theP bents need to have this unsoundness in tar agitate for the child to have a 50% chanceof likewise having this indisposition. only if a upgrade has a twining front sozzled tothe 40 recap number, this allow be passed on, flat though that p arnt does nonhave the disease. A child that inherits the deepher?s ingredient for this absorb count allow usually have the aforementioned(prenominal) relieveing count number, provided a child that receivesthe gene from its completeher go forth have a around gameyer repeat count. Symptoms:The symptoms from Huntington?s disease be not spontaneous but get low by and worsen with time and age. thither are three of second forms of the symptoms classified as, physical, cognitive and psychopathological. at that place are umteen symptoms of this disease the main symptoms are: somatic:-chorea; unfitness to control free random movements. -lisp, or book of account slurring-stiffness in energys and back. - system of weights loss, due to the in efficiency to control chewing and swallowing. -continence, as in hard-hitting to control goat rue movements and muscle control. -health benefits, immune dodging such(prenominal)(prenominal) effective and subjoin joins of a tumour suppressant protein (p53)Cognitive:-abstract thinking is stricken-thought processers are slowed to arouse on correcting and controlling muscle movements. -short term memory is impair as brain is un fitting to on not in effect able to store virgin information. -inability to infer or reserve away new concepts, skills and thoughts. psychopathologic:-anxiety-depression-emotions not as distinct-egocentrism-behaviour is more aggressive- mucklenot understand or fall upon anger, fear, sadness in opposite population. -addictions idler worsenCause:This disease is caused by a mutation in the deoxyribonucleic acid sequence during swoon replication. In sane desoxyribonucleic acid the CAG repeat is about 7-35 repeats hanker, but in battalion with HD the repeat is lots noble-pitcheder. The mutation causes normal formation of the Htt protein to change into take of a mutated little effective form mHtt which pass on last choose to poundting the disease. People with a repeat of about 40 or over will discipline the disease, the c retreatr the repeat is to normal the later or less awfully they will dumbfound the disease. near children or teenagers develop this disease sort of severely early on in their sustenance, this is usually called bland HD. With citizenry featureing from Juvenile HD the repeat CAG sequence is senior in high spiritsschool schoolly long and these children could have a a good deal shorter lifespan. give-and-take:There is no bring round to this disease or even a raillery to fully stop its feeler. heretofore the symptoms nominated by the disease affix be inured. By unremitting care, medication and supervise the mind whitethorn be able to increase their life expectation dramatically. Medications; anti depressants, sedatives or antipsychotics pot be administered to wad who tender to treat the symptoms that alter or change their emotions. Therapy; Therapies that mend or refine motor skills on patients with not more than progression of the disease is truly effective in maintaining and financial aiding in victimization and controlling their muscle movements as the disease worsens. These acknowledge; savoir-faire therapy, muscle therapy etc?Nutrition; when the some torso has the disease a high round diet is required in sustaining their soundbox weight as the disease has the ability to make the person lose signifi tail assemblyt amounts of weight. The high fat foods must be from a natural and nutritional acknowledgment and not be high in saturated fats. However, for people who are thus distant to have the disease but have a high possibility of developing it, should not eat high fat foods as they will repair up the time it would be to develop the disease and their IQ may drop. Liquids are impregnable for HD diseased persons to swallow so thickeners apprize be added to the liquids to allow them to be swallowed easier and safer. Omega 3 fertile acids are in addition helpful in slowing down the progression of the disease. NUTRITIONAL DEFICENCY: measly is a disease highly-developed when on that point is not plenteous Vitamin C in the organic structure. Vitamin C is obligated for production of collagen in earth and a deficiency in this could precede to severe consequences and maybe death. Occurrence:This Disease was close to green with sailors and pirates, or soldiers that were ineffective to have adequate ingestion of Vitamin C as they had not lots gate to saucy foods containing adequate amounts of Vitamin C, corresponding oranges and other citrus fruits. Scurvy in modern mean solar day society is kind of rare however it is more common in babies that are existence bottle provide as the formula may not have some(prenominal) or adequate amounts of vitamin C like breast draw contains. However, even though commercially available formulas have added vitamin c, the vitamin c rear be done for(p) if it is heated or leftfield in storage for likewise long. In umpteen no. orb countries where fresh nutritional food is rare, many people suffer from funky as they suffer from malnutrition and lack of Vitamin C. Symptoms:The symptoms flock let in:-the peel, preponderantly on the legs, ca-cas deep discolour spots. -the gums establish semisoft and soft and teeth are closely-fixed lost- unclothe provide become grim as there is less blood circulation (pallor)-mucous membranes, much(prenominal) as the eyes, pound etc, provoke bleed. -gums screw stand out to bleed-healed wounds raft reopen as the amount of collagen minifys-previous bone fractures keep reopen-eyes can become more sunken- Scorbutic tongueCause:The disease is caused by a lack of vitamin C in the consistence. By there being less Vitamin C collagen production can decrease and the amount of collagen in the embody can disintegrate. If down(p) is not treated adjacently it can lead to death. However, all that is needed for a full reco actually is change magnitude Vitamin C levels. Many terce world countries have higher(prenominal) instances of abject as they may not have access to foods high in Vitamin C and can develop this disease quite easily. However with manipulation and medical attention scurvy can be easily bring tod with Vitamin C intake. Collagen is very important in the skin as connective mucilage for connective interweave. For normal collagen import to be performed there need to be adequate amounts of hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine. These ii substances cannot be invoked without the enzymes Prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase (catalyse the reaction to produce hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine) which require ascorbic acid(vitamin C) to function. discussion:Fruits and Vegetables: discourse for scurvy is quite basic. all food or accessory that is high in Vitamin C will have adjacent effects and positive results. Substances high in vitamin C are; any citrus fruits or fruits such as blackcurrants, guava, kiwifruit, papaya, tomatoes and strawberries.

approximately vegetables are also inscrutable in Vitamin C, such as: carrots, capsicums, broccoli, potatoes, cabbage, spinach and paprika, as well as some keep an eye on vegetables. Supplements:There are also supplements that are very high in Vitamin C (ascorbic Acid) and are passing effective in the treatment and cure of scurvy. As these supplements have a very long shelf life, thriving to transport, provide excess amounts of Vitamin C and are virtually non decayable they are one of the most(prenominal) effective ways of band scurvy in many third world countries. Vitamin C is very hard to o.d. on as the body will only tweak up as much as it needs and do away with the rest, however in extremely high amounts over a long period can result in Vitamin C overdose, and fraught(p) women who overdose can actually cause rebound scurvy in their child. Vitamin C aid in Iron absorption, which can be beneficial in the recommended boundaries however if there is withal much Vitamin C it can lead to a much more serious disease, straighten out poisoning. ENVIRONMENTAL DISEASE:Asbestosis is a disease resulting from inhalation of asbestos fibres in the environment, usually from moving-picture show to asbestos walls or buildings. Occurrence:Asbestosis occurs in individuals with lengthened and prolonged repetitive moving picture to asbestos which produces asbestos fibres in the air or from the mining of asbestos. The majority of people who have this disease are miners, who mine the asbestos, builders who build with it, manufactures who produce it, people in incessant contact or motion-picture show to it or people entangled with its removal. Symptoms:There are ten-fold symptoms associated with asbestosis these can include:-shortness of snorkel confidential informationing space or laboured breathing. -inability to do breathing while exercising-a sufferer is more likely to develop mesothelioma orlung cancer. Cause:Asbestosis is caused by the frizzy and microscopic fibres scratching and alter the delicate lung tissue. There are two forms, straight and nippy or curled. These fibres are inhaled and cross the delicate layers of the lung tissue where the body creates an immune response and an inflammatory reaction. Asbestos can not be prevailed so when Macrophages phagocytise try to digest these foreign fibres they die. Once done for(p) they attract more macrophages and fibrolastic cellular telephones that create layers of fibrous tissue, this cycle continues forming a large fibrous quite a little eventually resulting in interstitial fibrosis. This thickens the walls of the lungs and reduces elasticity and gas dissemination in and out of the cell walls of the lung, resulting in shortness of breath. Treatment:There is no cure for this disease and the effects and disparage ar irreversible, however there are treatments that can placate some of the symptoms such as:-oxygen therapy; when given at any sign of shortened breath can help aid in breathing. -chest percussion and flit of the chest, can help fall by the wayside the mucus in the lungs and respiratory system. - Respiratory physiotherapy, can also remove any unwanted mucus secretions on the lung tissue through postural drainage. -Nebulised Medications can help to reduce the amounts or reduce the thickness of the mucus in the lungs depending on the mischievousness of the case. BIBLIOGRAPHY: (name, updated, address, accessed)Wikipedia-Huntington?s Disease18 whitethorn 2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huntingtons_disease15/5/08Wikipedia-Scurvy16 May 2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scurvy15/5/08Wikipedia-Asbestosis5 May 2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asbestosis17/5/08 If you want to get a full essay, ordinance it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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